|
Sir William "Billy" McMahon, (23 February 190831 March 1988), was an Australian Politician who was the Leader of the Liberal Party and the 20th Prime Minister of Australia from 10 March 1971 to 5 December 1972. McMahon was a member of the Australian Parliament for the seat of Lowe from his election in 1949 until his resignation in 1982. McMahon rose to power at a bad time for the Coalition after over two decades in power, and he led his government to a loss to the Labor Party led by Gough Whitlam. He was the longest continuously serving government minister in Australian history - serving 21 years and 6 months - and held the longest tenure as Prime Minister without leading his party to victory at an election, being Prime Minister for only 1 year and 270 days. McMahon was born in Sydney, Australia to an Australian mother and an Irish-Australian father, and was one of four children. When his mother died in 1917, when he was 9, McMahon was brought up reliatives and guardians, the most prominent among them his maternal uncle, who became Lord Mayor of Sydney in 1932. McMahon's father died when he was 18. McMahon was educated at Abbotsholme College, Killara, and Sydney Grammar School 〔http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcmahon-sir-william-billy-15043〕 and attended the University of Sydney, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Laws and later returned to study Economics, a prospect that would make him an apt Treasurer, but would be a factor in the downfall his Premiership. While at university, McMahon competed in boxing, and took interest in theatre, music and art.〔 After first graduating, McMahon worked as a solicitor, before serving in the Army during World War II, where he was commissioned in the Citizens Military Force (now Australian Army Reserve) and later transferred to the Australian Imperial Force. He achieved the rank of Captain in 1942 and was later promoted to Major in 1943, before he was classified medically unfit for overseas service, and was confined to staff work in Australia, where he was quartermaster for the Australian II Corps and the Australian Second Army.〔 After a tour of Europe to observe problems created by World War II, McMahon returned to the University of Sydney to complete his Bachelor of Economics, and was elected to Parliament later that year, representing the seat of Lowe in the House of Representatives. McMahon first became a minister in 1951. He became Deputy Leader of the Liberal Party in 1966, and in 1971, Prime Minister John Gorton resigned after a leadership vote ended in a tie, McMahon became leader thus becoming Prime Minister himself. The McMahon Government was formed at a turbulent time for the Coalition, and in 1972, McMahon led his party to defeat. After his deposition as Prime Minister, McMahon remained a member of Parliament until 1982, when he resigned. ==Early life== William McMahon was born in Sydney, the son of Mary Walder McMahon and William McMahon, a lawyer.〔 His uncle was Samuel Walder, Lord Mayor of Sydney. His father was of Irish descent. McMahon's mother died when he was 9 and his father when he was 18.〔 He was educated at Sydney Grammar School and at the University of Sydney, where he graduated in law. He practised in Sydney with Allen, Allen & Hemsley (now Allens Arthur Robinson), the oldest law firm in Australia. In 1940 he joined the Army, but because of a hearing loss, he was confined to staff work. After World War II, he travelled in Europe and completed an economics degree at the University of Sydney.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=5 October 2012 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William McMahon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|